Distinct North American Cooling Signatures Following the Zonally Symmetric and Asymmetric Modes of Winter Stratospheric Variability

This paper compares surface signatures of the zonally symmetric and asymmetric modes stratospheric variability, which describe strength polar vortex a planetary wave-1 pattern, respectively. Unlike weak followed by negative Arctic Oscillation–like anomalies, strong wave activity features displacement with deep structure, resulting in positive North Atlantic American cooling about 10 days. Moreover, linkage between stratosphere is examined two reanalyzes four models different configurations, show more robust following due to than weakening vortex. suggests acts as better predictor for cold spells northern U.S. Canada compared